I’m far from being Christian but to be fair you’re ignoring centuries of philosophical and theological debate about those

Castrato is just Italian for castrated or neutered, even used with animals albeit mostly used referring to males. Sometimes it’s even used figuratively. It would still work perfectly with your example, I think

Not really surprising. That last part “tard” comes from the Latin tardus which basically means slow or late. The “re” particle originally just had a meaning of repetition, in this case. So being late (not for the first time? ) So changing the first part of the word wouldn’t change the meaning of it so easily. Maybe technically something like “intard” could make sense in that way (similarly as what you find in words like indomitable, impossible, ineffective etc), but it doesn’t really exist. Or if we want to make it more meme-like, tarden’t?

Protarded actually exists as a slang with completely different meaning, but that’s out of scope

Overall useless information for most, but anyway

That specific word in Italian has multiple meanings, one of which being something like “excessive/useless detail or addition, especially when done for the cool factor only” and another being “gayness”.

Without the full context of the sentence, it’s very hard to say what he meant or what he was saying.

Of course the word is still originating from the slur and shouldn’t be used by the pope, but it’s technically possible that wasn’t even used in relation to any minority (just as much as the opposite)

Unless I missed some extra info or source that has the full context, it’s hard to say

In Italian it just means “ready”, but in English is used in a completely different way. Probably Sweden got the usage from English