Why is basic arithmetic so sacred that it must not be besmirched?
It isn’t. It’s convenient. Toss it if you don’t want to use it. What’s not an option though is to use it incorrectly, and that would be insisting that 0.999… /= 1, because that doesn’t make any sense.
A notational system doesn’t get to say “well I like to do numbers this way, let’s break all the axioms or arithmetic”. If you say that 0.333… = 1/3, then it necessarily follows that 0.999… = 1. Forget about “but how do I calculate that” think about “does multiplying the same number by the same number yield the same result”.
catches people because using arithmetic properly leads to an incorrect understanding of repeating decimals.
Repeating decimals aren’t apart from decimal arithmetic. They’re a necessary part of it. If you didn’t learn 0.999… = 1, you did not learn decimal arithmetic. And with “necessary” I mean necessary: Any positional system that supports expressing rational numbers will have repeating digits. It’s the trade-off you make, by fixing the divisor (10 in our case), to make numbers easily comparable by size, because no number can divide any number cleanly because there’s an infinite number of primes. Quick, which is the bigger number: 38/127 or 39/131.
Any notational system has its awkward spots. You will not get around awkward spots. Decimal notation has quite few of them, certainly fewer than Roman numerals where being able to do long division earned you a Ph.D. If you can come up with something better be my guest, I already linked you to a starting point.
About 8% in 2022, under 30yold 12.6%, under 20yold 17.9%, over 60yold 2%.
There doesn’t seem to be an official quota, at least I couldn’t find anything concrete. Should be state law and that’s generally easy to find. OTOH there’s a literal fuckton of organisations involved running Kindergarten, many are independent associations, others are run by churches or municipalities, all of those may have their official or unofficial guidelines.
(For the Americans: Kindergarten is not part of the school system over here y’all are misusing the term. Kindergarten is where you develop motor skills (and other things) through play, school is where you then learn to write. Definitely no home-work. Generally not mandatory though some states have introduced mandatory developmental tests so that kids who lag behind in some areas can get that fixed by professionals (minimum 3 years education) before school starts so they don’t start their school career at a disadvantage)
The push seems to come largely from academia and professional organisations. Here’s a nice, long interview in a professional publication from 2013, I recommend reading the whole thing but this strikes me:
90% is rather significant, I’d be interested in numbers from other countries. It’s more than enough so that you don’t need advocacy to get things started because practically everyone already acknowledges that it’s an issue that needs solving, all that was apparently necessary is for someone to sit down and develop ready-made strategies regarding getting men into the profession, allaying fears, making sure that organisational structures make it harder, not easier, for abusers, etc. That seems to be mostly “have them be democratic and not hierarchical”, which is of course a good idea in general.